# Timber Species

## Victorian Ash - VIC Australia

![Figure 1. Living Styles. 2020.](https://1044287416-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-legacy-files/o/assets%2F-M3JlcKYAsodrf6BU0RY%2F-M4RVt82diaAuOgpYAVy%2F-M4RezLCdvl8CAvXkpCh%2FScreen%20Shot%202020-04-09%20at%2012.01.37%20pm.png?alt=media\&token=34e67e4f-c299-446e-8e99-102871d3d022)

#### Workability and common applications

* Overall, easy to work with hand tools and machinery 

* Glues, turns, and finishes well

* Used for veneer, plywood, turned objects, joinery and furniture

* Also used in construction, flooring and framing

* Used for veneer, plywood, turned objects, joinery and furniture.

* Also used in construction, flooring and framing

**Suppliers and pricing per meter**

* Britton Timbers

* Mathew's Timber

* Timber Lord  

* General cost per meter
  * 25x150 - $14.00
  * 38x150 - $23.00
  * 50x150 - $40.00

## Tasmanian Oak -  TAS Australia

![Figure 2. Lemon, Chelsea. Chelsea Lemon Design. 2016.](https://1044287416-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-legacy-files/o/assets%2F-M3JlcKYAsodrf6BU0RY%2F-M4RVt82diaAuOgpYAVy%2F-M4Rd_v90evYluVmz4yv%2FScreen%20Shot%202020-04-09%20at%2011.55.17%20am.png?alt=media\&token=2afb733e-b243-4e06-85ca-3135317a529a)

#### Workability and common applications

* Overall, easy to work with hand tools and machinery 

* Glues, turns, and finishes well

* Used for veneer, plywood, turned objects, joinery and furniture

* Also used in construction, flooring and framing

* Used for veneer, plywood, turned objects, joinery and furniture.

* Also used in construction, flooring and framing

**Suppliers and pricing per meter**

* Urban Salvage

* Mathew's Timber

* Britton Timbers

* Timber Lord

* General cost per meter
  * 25x150 - $13.00
  * 25x200 - $14.00
  * 38x150 - $22.00

## Blackbutt - NSW, QLD Australia

![Figure 3. Lacewood. 2020.](https://1044287416-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-legacy-files/o/assets%2F-M3JlcKYAsodrf6BU0RY%2F-M4RVt82diaAuOgpYAVy%2F-M4R_BOp6_rfwG2rjMfr%2FScreen%20Shot%202020-04-09%20at%2011.28.44%20am.png?alt=media\&token=35031a17-2702-408d-9dc3-82fb0846a190)

#### Workability and common applications

* Machines well

* Does not react well to steam bending

* Can be prone to gum veins, pockets and surface checking

* Versatile timber, strong and durable

* Fire resistant

* Ideal for structural applications e.g. framework construction, flooring, cladding or fencing

* Also used in joinery and furniture

**Suppliers and pricing per meter**

* Britton Timbers

* Mathew's Timber

* Urban Salvage

* Timber Lord

* General cost per meter
  * 25x150 - $25.00
  * 38x150 - $38.00
  * 50x150 - $51.00

## Jarrah - WA Australia

![Figure 4. Street, Dave, Viv. Ironwood Studio. 1992.](https://1044287416-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-legacy-files/o/assets%2F-M3JlcKYAsodrf6BU0RY%2F-M4RVt82diaAuOgpYAVy%2F-M4R_bNLRuJOvWaHOwmG%2FScreen%20Shot%202020-04-09%20at%2011.28.54%20am.png?alt=media\&token=24d863a1-0828-4a03-82ec-4a75d26014cc)

#### Workability and common applications

* Difficult to machine due to high density, coarse texture and interlocked grain

* Moderate blunting effect on cutting edges

* Very durable as and highly resistant to termite/insect attack

* Glues and finishes well

* Ok to steam bend

* Great for outdoor applications

* Also used in joinery and furniture

* Prized for turning with tight knots, swirling gran and rich colours. Used in flooring, veneer and cabinetry

**Suppliers and pricing per meter**

* Timber Lord

* Britton Timbers

* General cost per meter
  * 25x150 - $13.00
  * 25x200 - $19.00
  * 38x150 - $21.00
  * 38x200 - $31.00

## Tasmanian Blackwood - TAS Australia  

![Figure 5. Coglan, James. ExLab. 2019.](https://1044287416-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-legacy-files/o/assets%2F-M3JlcKYAsodrf6BU0RY%2F-M4RibsZ80EUSgsdSCoO%2F-M4RjPBjJ4DG3FkAQSo5%2FScreen%20Shot%202020-04-09%20at%2012.20.44%20pm.png?alt=media\&token=6f0ecddc-2675-4927-9a0a-b040ff044ac0)

#### Workability and common applications

* Overall, easy to work with hand tools and machine.

* Glues, turns, carves, and finishes well.

* Great for steam bending

* Important that safety precautions are taken when sanding, as the wood dust can cause irritations.

* Not ideal for external applications – low durability

* Ideal for making furniture and joinery, internal veneers and paneling.

**Suppliers and pricing per meter**

* Britton Timbers

* General cost per meter
  * 25x150 - $17.00
  * 38x150 - $30.00

## Spotted Gum - NSW, QLD Australia

![Figure 6. Markowitz, Adam. Markowitz Design. 2015. ](https://1044287416-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-legacy-files/o/assets%2F-M3JlcKYAsodrf6BU0RY%2F-M4RVt82diaAuOgpYAVy%2F-M4RYtdMGQ6SozFGyYHv%2FScreen%20Shot%202020-04-09%20at%2011.28.11%20am.png?alt=media\&token=ab9e4e82-e321-4d03-9ab0-eddfef79d213)

#### Workability and common applications

* Overall, is easy to work with hand tools and machine

* Attractive fiddle-back appearance

* Great fire resistant rating, strength and resilience

* One of the most widely available recycled timber in Australia today

* Best used as structural and external applications, e.g. wharfs, framing, flooring, decking and cladding

* Can also used in joinery and furniture

**Suppliers and pricing per meter**

* Mathew's Timber

## Cypress - VIC, NSW, QLD Australia

![Figure 7. Outdoor Furniture Online. 2017. ](https://1044287416-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-legacy-files/o/assets%2F-M3JlcKYAsodrf6BU0RY%2F-M4RVt82diaAuOgpYAVy%2F-M4RZ6deSPpT8MQY1L7X%2FScreen%20Shot%202020-04-09%20at%2011.31.35%20am.png?alt=media\&token=27f23daf-5acc-4b55-ba76-4a542f9b6836)

#### Workability and common applications

* Reasonably hard timber

* Can be satisfactorily machined and turned to a smooth finish

* Special techniques, such as surface roughening, are required for gluing

* Great for outdoor use, usually used in framework construction, flooring, cladding or for fencing oyster stakes and jetty piles in low-salinity environments, as well as beehives. 

* Not as often used in indoor applications but ok for furniture, turnery, joinery, carving, parquetry and linings

**Suppliers**

* Bowens

## Jelutong - Asia Pacific 

![Figure 8. Kaptein, Paul. My Modern MET. 2019. ](https://1044287416-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-legacy-files/o/assets%2F-M3JlcKYAsodrf6BU0RY%2F-M4RVt82diaAuOgpYAVy%2F-M4RZCGJyMiZXyEEumPb%2FScreen%20Shot%202020-04-09%20at%2011.30.36%20am.png?alt=media\&token=49f0397c-14b9-446d-b2bb-24fd64f9e3cf)

#### Workability and common applications

* Vow density rating lends itself to ease of workability

* Plain grain and fine texture make it extremely popular with carvers and pattern-makers

* Very easy to turn and carve

* Used for architectural models, drawing boards, picture frames, wooden shoes (clogs), furniture parts, doorknobs, dowels and pencils 

**Suppliers and pricing per meter**

* Britton Timbers - prices as of Feb 2019

* Timber Lord

* General cost per meter
  * 25x300 - $26.00
  * 38x300 - $39.00
  * 50x300 - $51.00
  * 75x150 - $39.00

## American Walnut - North America

![Figure 9. Inoda, Svedje. Inoda + Sveje Design. 2014. ](https://1044287416-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-legacy-files/o/assets%2F-M3JlcKYAsodrf6BU0RY%2F-M4RVt82diaAuOgpYAVy%2F-M4RZG4mT_LO2_1Rb0a2%2FScreen%20Shot%202020-04-09%20at%2011.29.18%20am.png?alt=media\&token=e446c2a4-3ec1-49c4-9a36-04edfc08d3a3)

#### Workability and common applications

* Works easily with hand and machine tools

* Glues well

* Can be polished to an exceptional finish

* Good for steam bending

* Dark heartwood will lighten over time with exposure to UV light

* Used in high end furniture, cabinet making, architectural interiors, joinery, doors, flooring and paneling,

**Suppliers and pricing per meter**

* Mathew's timber
* Britton Timbers
* Timber Lord
  * 25x150 - $26.00
  * 38x150 - $41.00
  * 38x200 - $55.00
  * 50x150 - $58.00

## American Maple / Rock Maple - North America

![Figure 10. Li, Grant, ExLab. 2019.](https://1044287416-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-legacy-files/o/assets%2F-M3JlcKYAsodrf6BU0RY%2F-M4RVt82diaAuOgpYAVy%2F-M4RZh-PmqHPP93e3Hn7%2FScreen%20Shot%202020-04-09%20at%2011.34.08%20am.png?alt=media\&token=a63f84b4-d36f-4028-81ed-b75aa11803dd)

#### Workability and common applications

* Dries slowly with a large shrinkage, so can be susceptible to movement

* Very hard with a tight smooth grain, with care it machine fine

* Turns well, glues fine and can be polished to an outstanding finish

* Good for steam bending

* The lighter coloured sapwood tends to darken over time with exposure to the UV light.

* Used in Furniture, paneling, kitchen cabinets, workshops and table tops, interior joinery, architectural features. 

* Hard wearing properties make this timber ideal for high traffic applications

**Suppliers and pricing per meter**

* Mathew's timber

* Britton Timbers

* Timber Lord

* General cost per meter
  * 25x150 - $17.00
  * 38x150 - $30.00
  * 50x150 - $45.00

## White Oak - North America

![Figure 11. Crowe, Duncan. ExLab. 2019.](https://1044287416-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-legacy-files/o/assets%2F-M3JlcKYAsodrf6BU0RY%2F-M4RVt82diaAuOgpYAVy%2F-M4RZsP2oyLPacl7HZ99%2FScreen%20Shot%202020-04-09%20at%2011.29.30%20am.png?alt=media\&token=1b08632a-bdf6-43f0-919b-971a0458a7e4)

#### Workability and common applications

* A hard and heavy wood, with low stiffness and medium crushing and bending strength.

* Resulting in extremely good steam bending properties

* Easy to machine, glue and finish

* As a slow-drying wood has a high shrinkage rate, making it prone to checking and susceptible to some movement.

* Used in making of vats for spirits and wine

* In Australia is mostly used for flooring, joinery and furniture

**Suppliers and pricing per meter**

* Urban Salvage

* Mathew's timber

* Britton Timbers

* Timber Lord

* General cost per meter
  * 25x150 - $15.00
  * 38x150 - $31.00
  * 50x150 - $48.00

## American Ash - North America

![Figure 12. Turtle, Sophia. ExLab. 2019.](https://1044287416-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-legacy-files/o/assets%2F-M3JlcKYAsodrf6BU0RY%2F-M4RVt82diaAuOgpYAVy%2F-M4R_0Dgqxd1N-SpJ4Sr%2FScreen%20Shot%202020-04-09%20at%2011.29.43%20am.png?alt=media\&token=acd39b62-a50a-4168-9fad-b5a21c68ab8a)

#### Workability and common applications

* Ok to steam bend

* Fine outdoors as highly durable to external factors

* Highly workable, takes to glue well and polishes to a very high finish.

* Responds well to steam bending

* Excellent woodturning timber

* Versatile timber used in a range of interior applications, e.g. flooring, furniture, joinery, mouldings, sports equipment etc.

* Available as a thermally modified to be suitable in outdoor applications e.g. cladding and decking

**Suppliers and pricing per meter**

* Mathew's Timber

* Britton 

* Timber Lord

* General cost per meter
  * 25x150 - $14.00
  * 38x150 - $22.00
  * 50x150 - $31.00
  * 75x150 - $57.00

## Pine

![Figure 13. Traylen, Alex. ExLab. 2019.](https://1044287416-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-legacy-files/o/assets%2F-M3JlcKYAsodrf6BU0RY%2F-M4RVt82diaAuOgpYAVy%2F-M4R_oNZTTtFUaVliESy%2FScreen%20Shot%202020-04-09%20at%2011.30.03%20am.png?alt=media\&token=f7a2d196-5b4c-4718-a059-64312ca7e0ee)

#### Workability and common applications

* Pine can be worked easily by hand or machine

* Lightweight, straight, grained and lacks figure often with knots.

* Pine grows very fast therefore is a more sustainable timber option

* Very cheap

* Usually used in building and construction, prototyping, mould making, wood and paper pulp, masts and poles and other construction needs. 

**Suppliers and pricing per meter**

* Bunnings
  * Standard construction pine sold at set lengths (not per meter)
  * Prices ranging between $4 for 1.2m, and $37 for 2.4 in different widths and thicknesses

## Reclaimed Timber

![Figure 14. Recycled Timber Furniture. 2020. ](https://1044287416-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-legacy-files/o/assets%2F-M3JlcKYAsodrf6BU0RY%2F-M4RVt82diaAuOgpYAVy%2F-M4RaBndFVY7w0Un40Bx%2FScreen%20Shot%202020-04-09%20at%2011.29.53%20am.png?alt=media\&token=49c73348-2dc2-4ab7-9a2c-4d259d747161)

#### Workability and common applications

* Properties subjective to type of species
* Often have many defects e.g. screw holes, staining, nail holes
* Be aware nails may left in timber therefore material cannot be machined
* Most sustainable timber option

**Suppliers and pricing per meter**

* Urban Salvage
* Timber Revival 
* Prices will vary